The wave propagation in the warm ionosphere is studied in this paper. The dispersion relation of refractive index (n) of the waves is derived and the equation of q in the warm stratified ionosphere is inferred. All these equations have been used in studying of wave propagation, wave mode linking and linear mode coupling of the waves in the warm ionosphere by ray traeing method.The singular point of the wave equation and the coupling between the plasma waves and the electromagnetic waves are discussed. The wave field in coupling region can be got by solving the wave equation in the region near the singular point. The method of ray tracing and the method of wave equation were compared. The results of this paper could be useful in studying the absorption region of the ionosphere in the ionosphic heating experiment.

In this paper, satellite peaks of Ti and Ni in electron appearance potential spectroscopy are researched. On the basis of multiple split theory of atomic energy level and perturbation theory, the relevant energy levels of satellite peak are obtained and the theoretieal curves are given. These theoretieal curves are coincident approximately with experimental ones.

A new design is proposed for long P⁺IN⁺ type Ge magnetodiode with a high recombination region on one side. The optimal relation is established between its length (l), depth (d), width (ω) and resistivity (ρ) for designing Ge magnetodiode: (ρ/ω) ×(l/d)³=10.75(△T)²/(I₀³R_th²) △T is the limit of chip temperature rise, R_th the thermal resistance, I₀ the current flowing through diode.

A method of computing potential distribution, electron trajectories and deflection parameters of the travellingwave deflection system is introduced. An approximate expression of potential distribution is obtained. The results of computation agree well with the measured values, showing that this method is suitable for engineering design.

The thickness of transmission-mode photocathode affects directly its photoelectric efficiency and spectral response. In this paper, the relationships between the thickness and the optical absorption of photocathode and the escape depth of photoelectron are discussed. The optimum thickness of transmission-mode photocathode is analysed theoretically, and the methods for monitoring and determining the optimum thickness are proposed.

The characteristic impedances of TEM or quasi-TEM transmission lines with arbitrarily cross-sectional conductors and arbitrarily filled dielectrics are caleulated by moment method. Formulation is based on the analysis of two dimemsional electrostatic field. The charge distribution is expanded by use of polse functions and checked by point matching. Numerical examples are given. Some of them are compared witr those obtained by other methods. Results show that they are in good agreement.

In this paper, an introduction of an auto-tracking parabolic remote sensing antenna with dual mode Archimedian spiral feed is given. Theoretical analysis, calculation and experimental measurement are made. The theoretical results are coincident with the measured ones. The results show that this antenna is suitable for remote sensing.

The superconducting magnet system is a important part of the free-electron cyclotron maser. In tris paper a new super conducting magnet system is designed and tested. It consists of a main supereonductang magnet, a gradient superconducting magnet, a normai magnet, a cryostat and some otiher aceessories. The advantages of the designed magnet system are small in size, high stable magnet field and suitable field profile. It is very suitable for 4 mm wave free-elctron cyclotron maser.

A simple but high-efficient UV surf ace cleaning method for removing absorbed hydrocarbons from GaAs surface is described. The analytic results of Auger spectra show that the method is very effective.

In this paper, the characters of gas discharge with low freqnency external electrodes are investigated. Some possible applications of this kind of gas discharge are sug gested.

In 1979, Fu and his colleagues presented their work of realizing Maxwall's demon, theoretically and experimentally, in Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University. Fu declared that a "permanent" current was obtained in their device. This means that a new machine of the seeond kind of perpetual motion have been invented.In this paper, the author gives a detail anslysis of Fu's work, and the following conclusions have been obtained: (1) In Fu's experiment, the object controlled by the magnetic field was the mass-motion of electrons, not the individual electron. Magnetic field did not separate electrons individually into high-speed group and low-speed group, for this reason, it is not a "demon". The process which occured in the whole experiment was a mass-flowing process of numerous amount of particules. this must be belong to the area of thermodynamics. (2) The current flowing in Fu's device is actually the initial velocity current of a vacuum diode. (3) The initial velocity current is in turn a changed form of Thomson thermoelectric effect, which necessitates a hot tank and a cold tank to work, obeying the second law of thermodynamics. (4) The role of action of the magnetic field is to control the mass-motion of electrons, causing a weak rectification effect in the device. The current should vanish if there is no this effect, as the initial-velocity elelctrons should eliminates each other.

In this paper, the main issure presented in author s paper published in Journal of Electronics (Vol. 4 No. 4, July, 1982) and Proceedings of International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (Rome, May, 1982)about the effects of unlocked loop on the LFM waveform are further expounded in order to clear up some vague concepts in a discussion published in Journal of Electronics (Vol. 7, No. 3, May, 1985).