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| A 3D Wavelet Based Video Watermarking Embedding and Blind Extraction Algorithm |
| Huo Fei-fei; Gao Xin-bo |
| School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian Univ., Xi’an 710071, China |
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Abstract To develop an effective digital media protection method, an algorithm for digital video watermarking is proposed based on binary operation in 3D wavelet transform domain. For realizing the extraction of watermark image, a blind detection and restoration algorithm is presented, which does not require the original video. The proposed watermarking embedding and extracting algorithm uses only four image frames for performing wavelet decomposition per operation with lower memory demands and short delay, which suits for watermark online embedding and extracting and real-time implementation with hardware. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed watermarking algorithm is robust to video degradation and distortion attacks, such as Gaussian noise, MPEG coding, frame averaging, frame dropping and frame swapping.
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Received: 27 June 2005
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2007, Vol. 29 
