基于状态映射的AES算法硬件混淆设计

doi:10.11999/JEIT170556

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (15)
Related Citation (1)

Download: PDF (3660 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Obfuscation is used to safeguard lawful rights and interests of developers and users in software security, by protecting critical information and algorithms with the system logic relation. Also, how to achieve obfuscation method to protect the hardware IP core is becoming an urgent problem. In this paper, a hardware obfuscation scheme based on deflection strategy is proposed by studying the obfuscation method and the AES algorithm. The deflection strategy with redundancy and black hole states are used to realize the Finite State Machine (FSM) obfuscation, and the bit flip method is used to realize the combinational logic obfuscation. Finally, the proposed hardware obfuscation AES algorithm is designed in SMIC 65 nm CMOS process. The parameters of toggle, data correlation and code coverage are selected to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of hardware confusion. Experimental results show that the area and power consumption of the hardware obfuscation AES algorithm is increased by 9% and 16% respectively, and the code coverage rate is over 93%.

Key words： State deflection Hardware obfuscation AES algorithm Reverse engineering IP security

Received: 09 June 2017 Published: 12 December 2017

PACS:

TP331

Fund:The Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (LY18F040002), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61404076, 61474068), The S&T Plan of Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Department (2015C 31010, 2016C31078), The Ningbo Natural Science Foundation (2014A610148, 2015A610107), The K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University, China

Corresponding Authors: WANG Pengjun E-mail: wangpengjun@nbu.edu.cn

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors

Cite this article:

URL:

http://jeit.ie.ac.cn/EN/10.11999/JEIT170556 OR http://jeit.ie.ac.cn/EN/Y2018/V40/I3/750

[1]	2015年度检察机关保护知识产权十大典型案例[OL]. http: //news.xinhuanet.com/legal/2016-05/05/c_128959767.htm, 2016.
[2]	杨宇波. 代码混淆模型研究[D]. [博士论文], 北京邮电大学, 2015.
	YANG Yubo. Research on code obfuscation model[D]. [Ph.D. dissertation], Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2015.
[3]	BARAK B, GOLDREICH O, IMPAGLIAZZO R, et al. On the Impossibility of obfuscating programs[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2001, 2139: 1-18. doi: 10.1007/3-540- 44647-8-1.
[4]	林水明, 吴伟民, 陶桂华, 等. 基于主成分分析的代码混淆有效性综合评估模型[J]. 计算机应用研究, 2016, 33(9): 2819-2822, 2840. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3695.2016.09.059.
	LIN Shuiming, WU Weimin, TAO Guihua, et al. PCA-based code obfuscation effective comprehensive assessment model [J]. Application Research of Computers, 2016, 33(9): 2819-2822, 2840.. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3695.2016.09.059.
[5]	赵玉洁, 汤战勇, 王妮, 等. 代码混淆算法有效性评估[J]. 软件学报, 2012, 23(3): 700-711. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1001.2012. 03994.
	ZHAO Yujie, TANG Zhanyong, WANG Ni, et al. Evaluation of code obfuscating transformation[J]. Journal of Software, 2012, 23(3): 700-711. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1001.2012.03994.
[6]	谢鑫, 刘粉林, 芦斌, 等. 基于多层次属性加权的代码混淆有效性量化评估[J]. 计算机科学, 2015, 42(3): 167-173. doi: 10.11896/j.ssn.1002-137X.2015.3.035.
	XIE Xin, LIU Fenlin, LU Bin, et al. Quantitative evaluation for effectiveness of code obfuscation based on multi-level weight attributes[J]. Computer Science, 2015, 42(3): 167-173. doi: 10.11896/j.ssn.1002-137X.2015.3.035.
[7]	ALKABANI Y, KOUSHANFAR F, and POTKONJAK M. Remote activation of ICs for piracy prevention and digital right management[C]. 2007 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, CA, 2007: 674-677. doi: 10.1109/ICCAD.2007.4397343.
[8]	CHAKRABORTY R S and BHUNIA S. HARPOON: An obfuscation-based SoC design methodology for hardware protection[J]. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 2009, 28(10): 1493-1502. doi: 10.1109/TCAD.2009.2028166.
[9]	CHAKRABORTY R S and BHUNIA S. RTL hardware IP protection using key-based control and data flow obfuscation [C]. 23rd International Conference on VLSI Design, Bangalore, 2010: 405-410. doi: 10.1109/VLSI.Design.2010.54.
[10]	ZHANG J, LIN Y, LÜ Y, et al. A PUF-FSM binding scheme for FPGA IP protection and pay-per-device licensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2015, 10(6): 1137-1150. doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2015.2400413.
[11]	KOUSHANFAR F. Provably secure active IC metering techniques for piracy avoidance and digital rights management[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2012, 7(1): 51-63. doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2011.　2163307.
[12]	CHANG Chiphong and POTKONJAK M. Secure System Design and Trustable Computing[M]. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2016: 269-299.
[13]	ZHANG J. A practical logic obfuscation technique for hardware security[J]. IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, 2016, 24(3): 1193-1197. doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2015.2437996.
[14]	FISCHER V, DRUTAROVSKY M, CHODOWIEC P, et al. InvMixColumn decomposition and multilevel resource sharing in AES implementations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, 2005, 13(8): 989-992. doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2005.853606.
[15]	WANG Y, YU H, SYLVESTER D, et al. Energy efficient in-memory AES encryption based on nonvolatile domain-wall nanowire[C]. Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), Dresden, 2014: 1-4. doi: 10.7873/DATE.2014.196.