To solve the complexity of Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) in distributed satellite optical network, the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based on Small Window Strategy (SWS) is put forward. The link duration and the wavelength idle ratio are used as the heuristic functions for load balancing and decreasing the blocking probability. The small window strategy is introduced to limit the routing in the Minimum Routing Request Range (MRRR) and promote the convergence speed. By calculating the intersection of idle wavelengths on the adjacent links, the algorithm can accomplish the routing selection and wavelength assignment by a single ant. The properties of the algorithm in both single and double master satellites cases are analyzed, and the results show that compared with Dijkstra+FF algorithm, the blocking probability of ACO can reduce at most 0.5 and 0.7 for single and double master satellites respectively, and the improvement of resource utilization ratio can reach to 0.45 and 0.50.
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