Abstract This paper presents a fast SA(Synthetic Aperture) algorithm based on the high SNR of the subsurface Subsurface Penetrating Radar’s (SPR’s) reflecting signal and the SA algorithm of microwave holographic imaging. With this fast algorithm,the target azimuth is automatically detected and the amount of SA operating data is cut down. The algorithm is simple and easy to be realized. When the image is processed with the fast SA algorithm, the result is almost the same as the image processed with the general SA algorithm, but its processing speed is enhanced greatly.