Scanning Emitter Localization Using DOA and TDOI Measurements
ZHANG Yifei①② ZHANG Min② GUO Fucheng②
①(Department of Information Engineering, Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi'an 710025, China) ②(College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China)
Abstract：The determination of the scanning emitter position with known scan rate using Direction Of Arrival (DOA) and Time Difference Of Interception (TDOI) is investigated. The Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) of the DOA and TDOI based localization regime is firstly derived. It demonstrates that the equivalent DOA measurements noise power ratio of the individual regime is closely related to the improvement of the combination regime. To exclusively determine the position of the scanning emitter, the TOI measurements are transformed to the corresponding DOA measurements and then a Weighted Pseudo-linear Least Square (WPLS) estimator is proposed. However, the WPLS is biased due to the noise correlation between the regressor and regressand of the pseudo-linear equation. The Instrumental Variable (IV) method is resorted to eliminate the bias caused by the WPLS, and a Weighted IV (WIV) estimator, at the cost of two times computational complexity of the WPLS, is proposed. Simulations show that the WIV performs approximately to the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator. It can reach the CRLB in one scan cycle, and is asymptotic unbiased within multiple cycles.
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