Spectrum sensing algorithms based on eigenvalue or spectral density usually use the Gaussian approximated distribution and Tracy-Widom distribution to analyze the test statistic with the presence of the primary user or not respectively, but it is hard to find the analysis expression with unified form. In this paper, a spectrum sensing algorithm is proposed based on spatial spectrum density ratio using a Uniform Linear Array (ULA), and a unified expression for the distribution of test statistic is proposed using the latest research results of order statistics. In this algorithm, the test statistic is established using the maximum and minimum values of the discrete spatial spectrum density. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is about 1.7 dB better than the Maximum-Minimum Eigenvalue (MME) ratio algorithm with the detection probability equal to 0.9. At the same time, the results also verify the accuracy of the theoretical distribution of the test statistic.
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