In the process of monitoring and controlling power distribution network, condition monitoring and fault tolerance of towers and other facilities become an urgent problem in power system. The existing monitoring system can not maintain transmission of distributed power timely when fault occurs because of the limitations such as linear topology. Therefore, it may result in serious power system accidents, influencing production business of electric power. Based on the background of using sensors to monitor overhead transmission line, a fault tolerance mechanism for sensors deployment is proposed. First, according to N-x principle, the number of backup nodes and cellular-enabled modules is minimized to achieve the goal of cost minimization. Second, the number constraint of N-x principle and delay constraint is integrated into establishing a mathematical optimization model. Based on this model and by using clustering algorithm, a fault tolerance mechanism is built for sensors monitoring overhead transmission line in smart grid. Finally, the simulation experiment shows that sensor monitoring network deployed with this mechanism can tolerate the faults on the basis of minimized cost effectively.
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