Joint DOD-DOA and Doppler Frequency Estimation for Bistatic MIMO Radar under Condition of Temporal-spatial Nonuniform Sampling
Zheng Zhi-dong① Fang Fei② Yuan Hong-gang① Yu Yan-ming① Tao Huan①
①(Institute of North Electronic Equipment, Beijing 100191, China) ②(Engineering and Technology College, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641110, China)
该文针对发射阵列、接收阵列以及多级延迟器均为非均匀配置的双基地MIMO雷达,提出基于时域和空域二次自由度扩展的发射角、接收角以及多普勒频率估计的ESPRIT (Estimating Signal Via Rotational Invariance Techniques)新方法。该方法利用双基地MIMO雷达特殊的方向矢量特点(矩阵的Khatri-Rao积形式),对接收信号进行两次行置换以及去冗余处理,实现了时域和空域孔径自由度的二次扩展。然后对新数据进行时空“滑窗”处理,利用ESPRIT算法分别估计出目标的收发角以及多普勒频率。理论和仿真结果表明:在相同阵元和延迟级数情况下,所提算法的估计性能优于四线性分解和多维ESPRIT算法,且能估计出更多的目标,此外,通过最小冗余配置,极大地降低了阵列和延迟器的配置需求,更利于实际工程应用。
A new ESPRIT (Estimating Signal Via Rotational Invariance Techniques) algorithm is proposed to estimate the joint DOD (Direction Of Departure), DOA (Direction Of Arrival) and Doppler frequency based on the second extension of degree of freedom in the time and space domain under the conditions of non-uniform configurations of transmitter-receiver arrays and multiple delays for bistatic MIMO radar. Firstly, based on the special characteristic of direction vector in MIMO radar, the second extension of degree of freedom both in the time and space domains is attained by performing the twice row permutations on the received data and deleting the redundant items operations. Then, the ESPRIT algorithm is utilized to estimate the DOD, DOA, and Doppler frequency after performing the temporal-spatial “smoothing window” processing to the new data. The simulation shows that when the same number of real elements is used in time and space domain, the parameter estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is better than those of the quadrilinear decomposition and multi-dimension ESPRIT algorithms. Moreover, by using of the minimum redundancy configuration, the redundant information in the arrays decreases and hence the requirements of the array elements and the delay device are reduced, so it is more convenient to the practical application.
Dionysios S K and Athina P P. Matrix completion in collocated MIMO radar: recoverability, bounds & theoretical guarantees[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2014, 62(2): 309-321.
Tang Bo, Zhang Yu, Li Ke, et al.. Joint constant-envelope waveform and receiver design for MIMO radar in the presence of clutter [J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2014, 42(9): 1705-1711.
[3]
Haimovich A M, Blum R S, Lenard J, et al.. MIMO radar with widely separated antennas[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2008, 25(1): 116-129.
[4]
Chen Duo-fang, Chen Bai-xiao, and Qin Guo-dong. Angle estimation using ESPRIT in MIMO radar[J]. Electronics Letters, 2008, 44(12): 770-771.
Sun Zhong-wei, Zhang Xiao-fei, Wu Hai-lang, et al.. Multi-dimensional angle estimation in bistatic MIMO radar for L-shaped array with propagator method[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2014, 32(4): 57-64.
[6]
Chen Chen, Zhang Xiao-fei, and Ben De. Coherent angle estimation in bistatic multi-input multi-output radar using parallel profile with linear dependencies decomposition[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2013, 7(8): 867-874.
Sun Li, Zhu Xiao-hua, He Ya-peng, et al.. Fast multi-target localization with sparse array in bistatic MIMO radar[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2013, 35(5): 1142-1148.
Li Xiao-bo, Liang Hao, and Cui Chen. Angle estimation in bistatic MIMO radar based on quaternion and MEMP[J]. Journal of Data Acquisition and Processing, 2014, 29(4): 579-583.
Zheng Zhi-dong, Zhang Jian-yun, and Yang Ying. Joint DOD-DOA estimation of MIMO radar based on transmit beamspace-PARAFAC[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2011, 33(12): 2875-2880.
[10]
Cao Y H. Joint estimation of angle and Doppler frequency for bistatic MIMO radar[J]. Electronics Letters, 2010, 46(2): 170-172.
Liu Shuai, Zhang Gong, and Liu Wen-bo. Multi-dimensional parameter joint estimation of bistatic MIMO radars based on temporal-spatial structure[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2010, 31(6): 1196-1203.
Li Jian-feng and Zhang Xiao-fei. Joint estimation of angle and Doppler frequency in bistatic MIMO radar based on quadrilinear decomposition[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2012, 33(8): 1474-1482.
[13]
Pal P and Vaidynanthan P P. Nested arrays: a novel approach to array processing with enhanced degrees of freedom[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2010, 58(8): 4176-4181.
[14]
Moffer A T. Minimum-redundancy linear arrays[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1968, 16(2): 172-175.
[15]
Liu J and Liu X Q. An eigenvector-based approach for multidimensional frequency estimation with improved identifiability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2013, 54(12): 4543-4556.